合作學徒學習(Collaborative apprenticeship)

　　合作學徒學習(collaborative apprenticeship)是基於維高斯基(Vygotsky)社會建構主義下產生的學習模式。在語言教學中，Bayer(1990)提出了幾個重要元素：

1. 給學生自由表達的機會( an opportunity for students to freely express their ideas)(Bayer, 1990)
2. 主動反思已表達的觀念(an active process of reflection on ideas that are expressed)(Bayer, 1990; Wells & Chang-Wells, 1992)
3. 藉由文字進行知識上的參與，學生可找到了解並批判及建構新知識(an epistemic engagement with texts, whereby students are seeking not only to understand information but to critically interpret it and construct new knowledge (Wells & Chang-Wells, 1992).

參考文獻
Bayer, A. (1990). Collaborative-apprenticeship learning: Language and thinking across the curriculum, K-12. Mountain View, CA; Mayfield.
Wells, G., & Chang-Wells, G. L. (1992). Constructing knowledge together. Portmouth, NH: Heinemann.