自主性控制等級 (levels of control)

　　自主性最早的定義即是與學習者是否能針對學習相關問題作決定有關。

　　Holec(1981:3)認為自主性是「能為自己學習負責的能力」(the ability to take charge of one's own learning)(轉引自Benson, 2001)：

1. 決定目標 (determining the objectives)
2. 決定內容與進度 (defining the contents and progressions)
3. 選擇教學法 (selecting methods and techniques to be uses)
4. 監控習得過程 (monitoring the procedure of acquisition properly speaking (rhythm, time, place, etc.))
5. 評估習得內容 (evaluating what has been acquired)

參考文獻
Holec, H. (1980) Learner training: meeting needs in self-directed learning. In H.B. Altman and C.V. James (eds.) Foreign Language Learning: Meeting Individual Needs. Oxford: Pergamon, pp 30-45.